This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of social work in disaster management by the Department of Social Welfare (JKM) at Temporary Relief Centres (PPS). The research was conducted in Sabah, Selangor, and East Coast states such as Kelantan, Terengganu, and Pahang. The study commenced in May 2022 and concluded in September 2022. The research design employed a mixed-methods approach using exploratory sequential design, which included three main phases: a qualitative phase involving focus group interviews, an interim phase for instrument development, and a quantitative phase using an online survey questionnaire.

For the qualitative phase, two groups of participants were formed for each study location: JKM/JPKA staff managing disaster operations at district/state levels, and disaster victims, including individuals, families, and communities who had experienced disasters in their residential areas and had been placed in PPS.