The International Journal of Social Policy and Society (IJSPS) is a refereed international journal published by ISM. IJSPS aims to promote multidisciplinary topics in social sciences highly correlated to the development of the society.

The 2YEP programme was implemented using a productive welfare approach, empowering clients to enhance their functionality towards independent living and income generation, eliminating their dependence on JKM assistance as a means of livelihood (Department of Social Welfare, 2016). Through this programme, clients received support and capital assistance amounting to RM2,700.00 to start or expand existing businesses. Clients were guided and monitored continuously to ensure the success of their entrepreneurial endeavours.

This study evaluated the effectiveness of the pilot FBC project, introduced at four main locations in Malaysia since 2019. It focused on children categorised as low to high risk and examined various aspects influencing the programme’s outcomes. These aspects included the knowledge and skills of Department of Social Welfare (JKM) officers responsible for implementing FBC in the field, public understanding and acceptance of the programme, and the effectiveness of implementation methods (SOP) and applicable laws.

This study focused on several states with a high number of CBR centres, representing five zones in Malaysia: Perak (Northern Zone), Selangor (Central Zone), Johor (Southern Zone), Pahang (Eastern Zone), and Sarawak (East Malaysia Zone). The assignment distribution among team members was based on these five states as determined by the Malaysian Social Institute. The Focus Group Discussions were led by the principal researcher.